18 Logical fallacies
The word “logic” comes from the Greek word “logos,” which has several translations, including word, reason and discussion. Logic is the study of correct reasoning or argumentation. This amounts to deriving valid inferences. Logical fallacies are erroneous arguments that can still appear believable because they can be psychologically convincing. Formal logic errors occur when there is an incorrect logical structure. Informal logic errors are arguments based on incorrect premises or confusing language. Here are some common logical fallacies: